Antimicrobial

Ingredients with antimicrobial function help to restrain the growth of bacteria, yeast and mold fungi in cosmetics. This is important not only for the stability of the formula, but also for the safety of use: aqueous and wet products are particularly vulnerable to microbial contamination, and the FDA explicitly states that cosmetics can become harmful if pathogenic microorganisms enter it, and that the manufacturer must control such contamination. (fda.gov) In the composition, such substances primarily protect the product itself, maintain its quality, smell, color and texture throughout the shelf life. They usually do not have a pronounced caring effect on the skin and hair by themselves, but they indirectly reduce the risk of using spoiled cosmetics. (fda.gov)

Most often, this function is performed by preservatives or excipients with antimicrobial activity. Typical examples are chlorphenesin and methylparaben: such components are used in creams, lotions, gels, shampoos and products for the eye area, where microbial growth control is especially important. The FDA notes that preservatives are used specifically to prevent the growth of harmful bacteria and mold, to protect both the product and the consumer. It should be remembered that individual antimicrobial preservatives can cause irritation or allergies in sensitive skin, so not only the ingredient itself is important, but also its concentration, combination with the formula and the method of application of the product. (fda.gov)