Exfoliant

Such ingredients help the skin to get rid of keratinized cells from the surface faster, making it look smoother, smoother and fresher. Cosmetics with this function are characterized by an improvement in skin texture, a visual reduction in dullness, a more "clean" relief and a feeling of softness after application. According to the FDA, alpha hydroxy acids cause exfoliation of the surface layer of the skin and can be used to improve its texture and tone, as well as to cleanse the pores. (fda.gov )

Most often, such components include glycolic acid and lactic acid, as well as salicylic acid. Glycolic acid and lactic acid work mainly at the surface of the skin, helping to make it smoother and smoother, while salicylic acid is especially known for its ability to exfoliate the skin and help clear pores, which is why it is often used in products for oily and problematic skin. The American Academy of Dermatology specifically notes salicylic acid as a component that helps to cleanse pores and exfoliate the skin. (aad.org)

In hair formulas, such substances are less common and are usually used in scalp products, where they help reduce the accumulation of scales and sebum residues. In this case, the severity of the action depends on the type of acid, its concentration, the pH of the finished product and the entire formula as a whole. It is important to keep in mind that acids of this type can increase skin sensitivity to the sun, so it is advisable to combine day care with UV protection. The FDA explicitly states that products with AHA can increase skin sensitivity to the sun and increase the risk of sunburn. (fda.gov)