Antidandruff

Ingredients with the dandruff remedy function help to reduce the noticeable peeling of the scalp, itching and discomfort. Dandruff is often associated with accelerated exfoliation of horny scales, excess sebum and the activity of yeast-like fungi of the genus Malassezia; therefore, such components work primarily on the scalp, and only then improve the appearance of hair, reducing the amount of white flakes on hair and clothing. In fact, they normalize the skin condition, reduce the inflammatory response and make cleansing more effective, but they themselves are not needed for the texture of the product — their main task is precisely the care and target. (mayoclinic.org)

Most often, this function is performed by substances with antifungal and keratoregulatory effects. Typical examples are zinc—zinc pyrithione and ketoconazole: the former has long been used in anti-dandruff formulas, and the latter helps control symptoms associated with the fungal flora of the scalp. In official American monographs and labels, such assets are indicated as means to control peeling, itching and dandruff in dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis. In shampoos, they are combined with mild surfactants, conditioning additives and moisturizing ingredients so that the product not only reduces dandruff, but also leaves hair cleaner, softer and more manageable after washing. (accessdata.fda.gov)

It is important to understand that such ingredients work best with regular use.: they do not "glue" the scales cosmetically, but rather affect the causes of their excessive appearance. If there is pronounced redness, dense crusts or severe itching on the scalp, cosmetic care alone may not be enough — such symptoms may accompany seborrheic dermatitis and require a more careful assessment of the skin condition. (mayoclinic.org)